Croatian scientists have made a significant breakthrough in cancer research by discovering a new mechanism for the formation of malignant tumors. This discovery, which could have profound implications for early detection and prevention, was recently presented to the public at the Faculty of Medicine in Split. The research, led by the Cancer Research Laboratory at the faculty, was published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature.
A new understanding of tumor formation
The head of the research team, Janoš Terzić, explained that the team discovered how bacteria in the intestines convert a certain chemical into an even more dangerous substance. This harmful chemical then deposits in bladder tissue, where it induces the formation of cancer. Terzić emphasized that this discovery reveals a novel mechanism of tumor genesis, which is why it garnered attention and was published in such a high-impact journal.
Implications for early testing and prevention
One of the most exciting aspects of this discovery is its potential clinical application. Terzić noted that different people harbor varying amounts of these bacteria, leading to different levels of risk for tumor formation. In the future, this could allow for advanced testing to determine an individual’s risk of developing cancer based on their bacterial composition. By identifying and eliminating these harmful bacteria with antibiotics or other methods, the risk of tumor formation could be significantly reduced.
The role of nitrosamines in cancer formation
The research highlighted the role of nitrosamines, dangerous chemicals found in tobacco smoke and canned food, in the development of cancer. Once these chemicals enter the body, they damage DNA, causing mutations that are key to the formation of tumors. This discovery adds a new layer to our understanding of how lifestyle factors and environmental exposures can contribute to cancer risk.
A milestone for Croatian science
This discovery is not only a scientific breakthrough but also a significant achievement for Croatian research. The Vice Chancellor for Science and Quality at the University of Split, Igor Jerković, praised the research as one of the rare, high-impact studies conducted within the university, rather than abroad. He highlighted that this success comes as the university celebrates its 50th anniversary, marking a major milestone in its scientific contributions.
Conclusion
The study concludes by noting that bladder cancer, the 10th most common type of cancer, is often associated with chemicals such as those found in tobacco smoke. This new understanding of how such chemicals can be converted into more dangerous forms by gut bacteria opens up new avenues for cancer prevention and treatment. As research continues, this discovery could lead to significant advancements in how we detect and combat cancer, potentially saving countless lives.
